Law, Non-Profit Organizations, and Standards of Care free essay sample

A conversation on whether a lower standard of care is anticipated from non-benefit associations when contrasted with business undertakings inside the lawful field of tort. Since the commencement of law, various legitimate cases have been brought against non-benefit associations. The legitimate field of tort has additionally observed a lot of non-benefit associations brought into claims. Utilizing cases from the Commonwealth locales (Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and UK), the paper shows that a lower standard of care should be anticipated from non-benefit associations. It first spreads out the contentions that dismiss a lower standard of care and afterward disposes of these contentions, expressing that it is just reasonable and intelligent that a lower standard of care be normal. In the wake of completing this examination paper, it is my firm assessment that a better quality of care should be anticipated from business undertakings contrasted and not revenue driven associations. It is simply and reasonable this is along these lines, as appeared by the contentions set out above. We will compose a custom paper test on Law, Non-Profit Organizations, and Standards of Care or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Not revenue driven associations for the most part face greater expenses contrasted with business undertakings and they fill a progressively kind need that places the benefit of society above whatever else. The standard of care for non-benefit associations should be a sensible one. It ought to be lower than that normal of a business endeavor however it can't be so low as to crush the point of equity.

Cause of Industrialization essays

Reason for Industrialization articles What gives off an impression of being the vital conditions for Industrialization? Give models in Britain, Germany, US, Russia, and Japan. England: Population development, Migrants ran from field homes to the city ghettos to bring in cash, a solid white collar class and troublesome political, affordable, and social situation, and the abatement of death rate in babies. Germany: Coal and iron creation on the ascent in the 1840's, broad rail works, the unification of Germany, and Bismarck and his energized advancement of substantial industry and its impacts on the military. USA: Many European foreigners, a solid working class, the abatement of death rate in newborn children, British presentation of cotton material plants, the development of steel and iron mining, and the large scale manufacturing of railroads. Russia: Social change dependent on the Communist pronouncement, Czarist government energized railroad advancement, transformed business laws helped creating organizations, and the creation of oil deadly implements, and iron. Japan: The recruiting of outside specialists to help create current industry, government established enterprises, government the offered those business to non-administrative dealers, and the expansion of innovation. ... <!

Top 200 Essay topics for writing 2019 edition

Let’s face it, article composing can be repetitive and exhausting. Going through hours to compose a decent paper is troublesome and picking an exposition subject can be in any event, befuddling. To assist you with beginning, we have sorted a rundown of various kinds of exposition subject thoughts. Fast Links 1. Pugnacious Essay 2. Convincing Essay 3. Expressive Essay Topics 4. Story exposition Topics 5. Research Essay Topics 6. Informative Essay Topics 7. Look into Essay Topics 8. Circumstances and logical results Essay Topics 9. Instructive Essay Topics 9.1 College Essay Topics 9.2 Essay Topics for High School 9.3 Essay Topics for Middle School 1. Pugnacious Essay Topics In a pugnacious exposition, you will explore a theme in extraordinary detail. To give you a thought, some great contention subjects thoughts are underneath. School understudies ought to be permitted to minister their secondary school educational plan. The job of physical training in the educational system. Should capital punishment be executed all around? It ought to be unlawful to utilize particular sorts of creatures for tests and other research purposes. Should the legislature accomplish more to improve availability for individuals with physical incapacities? Do individuals gain proficiency with the specialty of turning into a lawmaker or would they say they are brought into the world with it? Web based life stage proprietors should screen and square remarks containing derisive language. Does innovation assume a job in causing individuals to feel increasingly detached? Will there ever be when there will be no further innovative progressions? It ought to be illicit to create and sell tobacco. In the event that your educator relegates you a point, at that point it is acceptable. It not, you have to pick one to compose your paper. Here is an incorporated rundown of progressively contentious exposition subjects for you to look over. 2. Influential Essay Topics An influential exposition is like a pugnacious paper. Be that as it may, in it the author needs to persuade the perusers of their perspective. The following is a rundown of subjects for an enticing exposition. Caffeinated beverages ought to be prohibited in schools and universities. Betting ought to be prohibited in the United States. Should premature births be restricted around the world? Chasing is a shameless demonstration. Is it alright to utilize creatures in a carnival? Hurtful canines ought to be euthanized. Mobile phones ought not be permitted in schools. Instructors should finish an expert test, much the same as understudies. Schools ought to lessen the outstanding task at hand on understudies. Sex training ought to be required in secondary schools. For your assistance, we have accumulated a wide scope of influential exposition themes. Give it a read. 3. Engaging Essay Topics In a spellbinding article, you depict a specific thing and utilize tactile data to connect with your perusers' five detects (taste, contact, smell, hearing, sight). Here is a rundown of points. The individual answerable for having any kind of effect in my life. Depict a cell phone and its advantages to somebody from the 60s. The most fascinating bit of craftsmanship I have ever observed. Portray the experience of becoming hopelessly enamored. What does a spot that lone exists in your creative mind resemble? Portray meeting a well known individual. Portray yourself and your character to an outsider. What will life resemble in 2050? An encounter that changed my life until the end of time. Your concept of the ideal day. Here are some progressively unmistakable article topicsto assist you with finding a smart thought for your paper. 4. Story Essay Topics In an account article, you will probably share an individual encounter by recounting to a story. A few models and subjects are underneath. The experience that instructed me that looks can be beguiling. Seven days without web and innovation. The effect your first love had on your life. What amount did your instructors contribute into making you the individual you are today? An encounter that caused you to understand your folks were or weren't in every case right. A second when somebody you didn't care for shocked you with generosity. The impact innovation has had on your diversions and life. An accomplishment outside of scholastic life? Which school exercise had the greatest effect on your life? A day when you battled dawdling. 5. Research Essay Topics While composing an examination article, the most pivotal advance is picking a theme for your paper. Pick a subject that is sufficiently wide to form a whole research paper on it. The following are the absolute best themes for your examination article. Impacts of vicious kid's shows on kids. Should colleges give facilities to incapacitated understudies? Occasions and encounters I concur are causing the expansion in fear based oppression. How innovation and contraptions influence investigations of youngsters? Do youngsters who go to preschool improve in school? Colleges are turning out to be business driven. Does school obligation influence the future existences of the understudies? Why has separate from rate changed in the previous decade? Schools ought to permit the utilization of cell phones in school. Compelling approaches to diminish sadness among our childhood. Searching for additional? We have a broad scope of research article points that have all that you have to get a connecting with subject thought. 6. Explanatory Essay Topics While composing an explanatory exposition, you need to clarify and explain your subject such that it turns out to be obvious to the perusers. The following is a rundown of descriptive article points: For what reason do young people end it all? What is the effect of music on our childhood? What are the outcomes of playing hooky? For what reason do young people use drugs? In what manner can pets make you glad and improve your life? Outcomes of including mixed beverages inside a school grounds. How does sedate use influence connections? Is a dangerous atmospheric devation a reason for skin disease? Is sodium awful for your wellbeing? What is the line between being over-weight and being large? To enable you to further, we have accumulated an extra and broad rundown of explanatory article subjects. 7. Thoroughly analyze Essay Topics In a look into article, you assess and investigate the likenesses and contrasts between the two subjects. Your peruser must have the option to shape a supposition in the wake of gauging the upsides and downsides you have presented. The following are a few points for you: Outgoing individuals and self observers. Age Y versus Age Z. Customary Helicopters Vs. Lifesize Drones. Jobless understudies versus understudies with low maintenance work. SAT and TOEFL. Convincing and pugnacious exposition - how are they comparative? How were the reasons for World War I not quite the same as the reasons for World War II? Instruction versus proficient vocation: what is progressively troublesome? Reality or investing your energy wandering off in fantasy land. Results of quake and wave: what's more regrettable? Additionally visit: Compare and Contrast Essay Topics: 70 Fresh New Ideas 8. Circumstances and logical results Essay Topics Circumstances and logical results article clarifies why something occurs and what occurs because of those happenings. A circumstances and logical results article is a kind of interpretive paper. Here are a couple of themes for your circumstances and logical results article: What are the reasons for dietary problems? Impacts of environmental change and a dangerous atmospheric devation. The impacts of the Feminism development. What are the reasons for expanding gloom among adolescents? What are the reasons for self-destructive musings? Is keeping a pet compelling to quiet your psyche? How separation influences youngsters? For what reason are men scared of responsibility? Impacts of web-based social networking on youth. Has web-based social networking influenced connections among families? To get more thoughts, visit our circumstances and logical results paper points that are wonderful and appropriate for an incredible exposition. 9. Instructive Essay Topics Article composing requires profundity. Be that as it may, you don't need to pick a perplexing point in a center school, secondary school or school. Here is a rundown of exposition subjects for center school, secondary school and understudies. 9.1 College Essay Topics Virtual classes can't supplant customary class framework. Focal points and inconveniences of online classes. Is there a need to change the advanced degree framework? Attack weapons ought not be lawful. Individuals with a background marked by psychological instability ought not be permitted to buy guns. Tax assessment framework should be changed far and wide. Children ought not be the intended interest group in promoting. Number of calories ought to be referenced with each dinner. Women's activists have viably improved the workforce for ladies. Is capital punishment compelling? 9.2 Essay Topics for High School The decision to join the military ought to be an individual choice. Tuning in to music can expand work effectiveness. Being straightforward has a greater number of cons than experts. Individuals who have been in a mishap esteem life more than others. Humiliating minutes help support your certainty. Consideration is the most important individual attribute. Suddenness can improve your life. Would hobbies be able to help improve a mind-blowing lavishness? Dressing appropriately in the workplace improves work proficiency Being sorted out can help in school just as the workplace. 9.3 Essay Topics for Middle School Each youngster ought to have tasks at home. There ought not be any late spring classes. Should understudies keep concentrating during summer excursion? Guardians should focus on the measure of time their kids spend sitting in front of the TV. Most loved family summer get-away. Sports ought to be obligatory in each school. Handled nourishments ought not be a piece of private and government funded school lunch. Do understudies despite everything use papers for inquire about? Each individual ought to go through a year doing network administration. The weekend ought to be 3 days in length. Ideally, you would have chosen a theme for your article. On the off chance that you are searching for additional thoughts, attempt this exposition point generator.

A Letter To The President :: essays research papers

Troublesome Decisions Dear President Bush and Congress: I have thought of you to talk about our national spending plan and the innate issues in our monetary strategy. Despite the fact that I am not the best educated regarding this matter I think my conclusions and thoughts are important. I have a few thoughts for both raising progressively capital and bringing down government use. I accept move must be made on the two fronts to control our national obligation before it unfavorably influences our economy. I will initially share my thoughts on bringing down government spending. Above all else I accept we should bring down resistance spending and scale back our military. We have the most remarkable military on the planet and can bear the cost of some spending cuts without gambling national security or worldwide standing. We should likewise cut spending on the home front. I accept we should bring down government assistance installments and urge individuals to secure positions as opposed to depending on the administration. We should likewise give charge motivation to well off residents to surrender their U.S Bonds along these lines bringing down the Federal Debt. Likewise the well off ought to be disposed of from the Social Security System. The subsequent part required for mindful Fiscal Policy is the age of salary. Our Governments primary wellspring of salary is charges and in this way some assessments must be raises to check the shortage. Duties on fuel and cigarettes ought to be raised which would produce more Income and lower our countries reliance on them both. Additionally I accept that Marijuana ought to be legitimized for individual use and burdened and controlled by the Government. The conceivable salary from this strategy is huge and furthermore dispenses with the criminal component, cutting expense in Law Enforcement and Imprisonment. A Letter To The President :: papers explore papers Troublesome Decisions Dear President Bush and Congress: I have kept in touch with you to talk about our national spending plan and the intrinsic issues in our monetary approach. In spite of the fact that I am not the best educated regarding this matter I think my conclusions and thoughts are applicable. I have a few thoughts for both raising increasingly capital and bringing down government use. I accept move must be made on the two fronts to check our national obligation before it antagonistically influences our economy. I will initially share my thoughts on bringing down government spending. Most importantly I accept we should bring down barrier spending and cut back our military. We have the most impressive military on the planet and can manage the cost of some spending cuts without gambling national security or worldwide standing. We should likewise cut spending on the home front. I accept we should bring down government assistance installments and urge individuals to secure positions as opposed to depending on the administration. We should likewise give charge impetus to affluent residents to surrender their U.S Bonds along these lines bringing down the Federal Debt. Likewise the affluent ought to be disposed of from the Social Security System. The subsequent part required for capable Fiscal Policy is the age of salary. Our Governments fundamental wellspring of salary is charges and along these lines some duties must be raises to control the shortfall. Duties on gas and cigarettes ought to be raised which would create more Income and lower our countries reliance on them both. Likewise I accept that Marijuana ought to be legitimized for individual use and burdened and directed by the Government. The conceivable salary from this technique is huge and furthermore wipes out the criminal component, cutting expense in Law Enforcement and Imprisonment.

Finance and Short Term Debt

EncanaCost of Capital Before computing the expense of capital I'll figure cost of value and cost of dept and capital structure for ENCANA: 1 Cost of Debt: ENCANA cost of obligation remembered cost for momentary obligation , long haul obligation and exposure exchanged intrigue sum 1. 1 Short term Debt: Short term commitments (Ex. 1) = $ 1425 million Interest Rate (Ex. 1) = 3. 52% Total sum for transient obligation intrigue = 1425 ? 3. 52% = 50. 16 million 1. 2 Long term Debt: Other long haul liabilities (Ex. 1) = $1278 Interest rate (Prime rate charged) = 5. 25%Total sum for long haul obligation intrigue = 1278 ? 5. 25% = 67. 095 million 1. 3 Publicity exchanged: Publicity exchanged intrigue = all out intrigue †(transient obligation intrigue sum + long haul obligation intrigue sum) Publicity exchanged intrigue = 524 †( 50. 16 + 67. 095) = 406. 75 million Interest rate on exposure exchanged = Publicity exchanged intrigue ? L. T obligation on exposure exchanged Interest rate o n exposure exchanged = 406. 75 ? 5351 = 7. 6% Cost on obligation = Weight of long haul obligation ? Pace of enthusiasm on L. T obligation + Weight of transient obligation ? Pace of enthusiasm on S.T obligation + Weight of exposure exchanged ? pace of enthusiasm on exposure exchanged = 1278/8054* ? 5. 25 + 1425/8054 ? 3. 52 + 5351/8054 ? 7. 60 = 0. 833 + 0. 622 + 5. 049 = 6. 5% *The sum $8054 is aggregate sum of obligation given in Exhibit 3 1. 4 Determining Tax rate: Tax rate for ENCANA can be resolved as follow: Tax Rate= T= Net income before intrigue and duty ? charge cost T= 1260 ? 4089 = 30. 81% 1. 5 Cost of obligation after assessment: Cost of obligation after duty = cost of obligation before charge (1-Tax Rate) Cost of obligation after expense = 6. 5% ( 1-30. 81%) = 4. % ==; pace of obligation (rd) 2 Cost of value: There are following two different ways to compute ENCANA's expense of value : 1. Utilizing SML condition 2. Figuring cost of value by profit development model 2. 1 Calculation of cost of value for ENCANA by utilizing SML condition: rs = r* + MRP (b) r* = 4. 20 % (Govt. long haul Treasury Bills) rm = 13. 9% (S&P math normal return) MRP = rm †r = 13. 9-4. 20 = 9. 7 Beta = 1. 27 rs = 4. 20 + 9. 7 *1. 27 rs = 16. 519 % 2. 1 Calculation of cost of value for ENCANA by utilizing profit development model: rs = (D1/Po †F) + gWhere: D1= one year from now profit Po = current cost of offer in advertise F = Floatation Cost Growth from past information: Year | Dividend per share | Growth * | 2002 | 0. 2 | 2003 | 0. 15 | - 25% | 2004 | 0. 2 | 33. 3% | 2005 | 0. 28 | 40% | *Growth rate is determined as: 0. 15/0. 2= 0. 75-1 = - 0. 25? 100 =-25% 0. 2/0. 15= 1. 33-1= 0. 33 ? 100 = 33. 3% 0. 28/0. 2= 1. 4-1 =0. 4 ? 100 = 40% Average Growth= - 25 + 33. 3 + 40 = 16. 1% rs = (Do (1+ g)/Po †F) + g rs = 0. 28 (1+0. 1611)/56. 75 (1-0. 05) + 0. 1611 rs = 0. 25108/53. 9125 +0. 1611 rs = 16. 713% Average rs = (16. 713+16. 519)/2 = 16. 616% WACC: The WAC C equationâ is the expense of every capital componentâ multiplied by its corresponding weight and afterward summing:â WACC = rD (1- Tc )*( D / V )+ rE *( E / V ) Where, Re = cost of value Rd = cost of obligation E = showcase estimation of the association's value D =â market estimation of the company's obligation V = Total Capital = E + D E/V = we = level of financing by value D/V = wd= level of financing by obligation T =â corporate charge rate By putting Values:Total Equity= E = no of offers * cost of offers = 854. 9 * 56. 75 = $48515. 575 million Total Capital = Equity + Debt = 48515. 575+ 8054 = $56596. 575 Million WACC = wd * rd + we * re = 8054/56596. 575 * 4. 5 + 48515. 575/56596. 575 * 16. 616 = 0. 6404 + 14. 2436 = 14. 884% ENCANA ought to acknowledge this undertaking which will give an arrival of more than 14. 884%, in light of the fact that ENCANA needs to pay their speculators an arrival of 14. 884 and this will likewise produce benefit whi ch can be used as held income and increment development of its profit.

All You Need to Know About Revitol Eye Cream Benefits - 1650 Words

All You Need to Know About Revitol Eye Cream: Benefits, Ingredients, and Effectiveness (Essay Sample) Content: All You Need to Know About Revitol Eye Cream: Benefits, Ingredients, and EffectivenessIf the eye is where one can see through your soul, then you surely want to make sure your eyes look good, dont you? However, due to stress or as you age, your eyes no longer look as healthy, bright, or happy as they used to. People who are oftentimes suffering from lack of sleep are the main sufferers of dark under eye circles, while there are those who just happened to get puffy eyes easily than others. Some, as age has landed, just have too much eye lines to show.Revitol Eye Cream is made for this purpose: to lighten dark under eye circles, to lessen puffiness, and to erase fine age lines around the eyes. Made by a reputable company, Revitol Eye Cream has earned a number of good reviews from many independent users. This is why we took the liberty to check out this famous eye cream, and find out what made it win the hearts of many.Here is what we found out.What is Revitol Eye Cream? Manufactured by Revitol, Revitol Eye Cream is an eye product that is made of all-natural ingredients. Its mother company has been in the industry of creating many beauty products since 2002, and is a member of the Natural Products Association. Its manufacturers claim that this inexpensive product can do better than skin surgeries because it effectively soothes puffiness. Added to that, it makes your eyes look healthier as it lightens the surrounding skin.Because of its effectiveness, Revitol Eye Cream has earned a number 2 spot in the 2013 list of top eye creams. This is why it is so popular among so many other expensive brands in the market.Ingredients:The main actives of Revitol Eye Cream are:Bisabolol this ingredient soothes puffiness or inflammation, as it is derived from chamomile.Chrysin one type of flavonoid that reduces puffiness as well. It comes from a plant called passion flower and it also effectively lightens dark circles.Niacinamide responsible for keeping the skin moisturized, this ingredient comes from the family of B vitamins. It also effectively reduces inflammation in the skin.N Hydroxysuccinimide responsible for lightening dark circles by working directly with the factors that cause hyperpigmentation in the skin.Fraxinus Excelsior Bark Extract this ingredient comes from the bark of the ash tree and contains two components: fraxin and esculin. These two work effectively in preventing the darkening of your eye circles by strengthening the blood vessels in this area. These blood vessels, when properly strengthened, will no longer break out and continue to cause darkening in the area.Capric Triglyceride responsible for making the cream as milky as it is. It comes from coconut or palm oil. It is an effective moisturizer that is rich in antioxidants too.The Good Catch: ProsMade by a reputable company;Made from all-natural ingredients;Effectively reduces puffiness and dark under eye circles;Soothes the appearance of fine lines; andMoisturiz es the skin to improve overall quality.Product Disclaimer: Side EffectsThis product is not intended to cure any type of disease. If you are skeptic about trying out Revitol Eye Cream, feel free to consult your doctor first. Also discontinue use immediately if you feel any type of irritation. You may be allergic to some of its components although it is made from all-natural ingredients.Dosage and Directions for UseAfter cleansing, blot small amounts of Revitol Eye Cream around the eye and use 2 fingers to lightly rub the cream. Let it absorb for 2-3 minutes, and do not rinse.AvailabilityYou can readily avail of Revitol Eye Cream online, through their official website. Although some sellers distribute in AMAZON, others have complained about its smell and consistency, thus for your own safety, it is better to just get your supply from the trusted supplier.You can also avail of their promo offers when you buy Revitol Eye Cream from the official website. They offer a number of discounts for those who want to buy more:1 jar - $39.952 jars less $10.003 jars get 1 jar free4 jars get 2 jars freeThey also provide you with a 90-day money-back offer as long as you buy Revitol Eye Cream from the official website.Our VerdictThere is no denying that Revitol Eye Cream has effectively delivered its promises of reducing fine lines, dark under eye circles, and puffiness, at a price you can easily pay for. No surgeries and no need to pay for expensive branded eye creams. It is also a plus factor that we know who their manufacturer is and that they are ready to give back your money within the trial period. Whats more, the product is made from all-natural actives, which makes it a healthy option...

Policy Memo For White Collar Crimes - 1573 Words

Kristofer Llauger CJBS 101 Assignment 1 Policy Memo Part I I. PROBLEM Write one (1) sentence that clearly states the problem. Big financial institutions are difficult to prosecute in white-collar crimes because of their influence. Write two (2) sentences that describe the problem in greater detail (what are the effects of the problem?) The Holder Doctrine, which comes from a memo created in 1999, has been the reason behind a lack of criminal prosecution against big companies that were part of the reason of the United States financial setback in 2008. Because of this much of the fraud that led to the financial crisis has gone unpunished. II.PROPOSED EXPLANATION OF THE PROBLEM Write one (1) sentence that explains a possible cause of the problem. Since 2007, researchers have found that a large percentage of cases regarding issue of white-collar crimes- especially those involving big financial institutions- have been resolved by the justice department making deals with these corporations and their executives. Write two (2) or three (3) sentences that provides justification for your explanation. Before 2003, the justice department did not offer these types of deals. Not prosecuting these companies and the individuals in charge leads to a lack of accountability among executives. Instead Eric Holder, who wrote the â€Å"Holder Doctrine† and was former United States attorney general, chose to find these institutions. III. PROPOSED SOLUTION: Write one (1) sentence thatShow MoreRelatedHow Yates Has Impacted Corporate Responses1021 Words   |  5 PagesHow Yates has Impacted Corporate Responses to Government Investigations. The Yates Memo outlined the new individual accountability policy and provided new guidance for US Attorneys when combating organizational misconduct. It posits that one of the most effective ways to deter corporate misconduct is by seeking accountability from individuals who perpetrated the wrongdoing. Yates Memo, supra, at 1. The memo set forth 6 guidelines for DOJ attorneys to follow when pursuing corporate wrongdoing:Read MoreThe Case Study Analyzes Crazy Eddie2010 Words   |  9 PagesThe case study analyzes Crazy Eddie. Crazy Eddie was convicted of white collar crime through fraud triangle. Crazy Eddie involved in fraud through incentives, opportunity and rationalization. Crazy Eddie reported lacking rationalization but confirmed that incentives and opportunity were working. The company also reported lacking morality and excuses. Crazy Eddie executed its business without taking into account moral implications of doing business. Crazy Eddie illegally adjusted returns to av oidRead MoreMidterm Review2002 Words   |  9 Pagessystem of checks and balances? Only one of the branches is given all the authority. All the branches of the government are given equal authority. All the branches of the government operate independent of each other. It ensures that government policies are not reached without the input of the other branches. Which of the following tasks is performed by the legislative branch of the government? Interpret laws. Pass laws to bring the courts interpretation of law in line with the views of theRead MoreArticle Review : Reducing Drug Cartel Violence2339 Words   |  10 Pagesand political situation of Mexico has created an environment where these policies are a true possibility. Background To understand the current situation of Mexico, one must explore its past to see what has driven a country with so much potential to a country without rule of law and increasing violence. 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It is to source, process and disseminate business information, develop policy, establish business support programmes build capacity and promote services, enhance MSME access to financeRead MoreDishonesty in Business ENvironments2785 Words   |  11 Pagespunishment and jail time sentenced or meted out by the judicial system reasonable or warrantable according to the crime committed? There are many crucial factors and forces at work which we need to consider and ponder circumspectly as major disparagement like Enron was much more complicated than it may seem on surface. There were many grey areas and not so straight forward as black and white. Enron was the center of the infamous corporate scandal that led the top U.S. energy company to its fiasco twelveRead MoreFraud Examination4268 Words   |  18 Pages 2. As an employee, you have an ethical responsibility to your employer to report Bob’s fraudulent behavior. Fortunately, in this case nothing has been done that cannot be corrected easily. Since Bob is justifying his behavior by saying the recent memo pertaining to meal expenses does not apply to him because he is an intern, you should try to help Bob see the error of his logic and encourage him to correct the charges. If Bob is unwilling to change his behavior, the appropriate superior should probablyRead Morecyber security vulnerabilities4737 Words   |  19 Pagesattack could occur from a foreign country to either deny certain services, steal information, or to take control and exploit command and control systems unbeknownst to leadership. Martin C. Libicki, a noted authority on information warfare at the RAND policy institute, has written Cyberdeterrence and Cyberwar (2009) a notable work covering the current and future challenges associated with the connected world. Am ong the concepts within his book, Libicki discusses security vulnerabilities associated with

Who Is Frank Nitti - 1461 Words

Thesis: Organized crime was has flourished in the united states for the past century. There have been countless investigations and studies conducted on this topic. Organized crime is composed of numerous ethnic and transnational groups operating together or apart with legitimate and illegitimate businesses and political entities (Lyman, M. D. ,2015). The media has glamorized these criminals creating the idea that they are like the lone wolf, or Robin Hood of society. One of the most iconic depictions of organized crimes can be seen by the mafia movies, and stories. This paper will discuss the mob man known as Frank ‘The Enforcer’ Nitti. In addition, the paper will go into detail on who this man is, what he specialized in, what his organization was, who hung around him and also give police officers a profile on this criminal. Who is Frank Nitti?: Francesco Raffaele Nitto (Frank Nitti) was born on January 27, 1886 in the country of Italy. At the age of seven, frank, his mother and older sister immigrated to New York to be with their step father. The family had hopes of living the American dream. Once in the United States, Nitti went to work as a bowling alley pinsetter, then was a factory worker and later became a barber. Due to the fact that frank could speak and write in English he was considered the most job prosperous member of his family. Consequently, Nitti dropped out of school in order to be able to work more. During his teenage years frank continued to work as aShow MoreRelatedWho Is Frank Nitti?1067 Words   |  5 Pagesor Robin Hood of society. This paper will discuss the mob man known as Frank ‘The Enforcer’ Nitti. In addition, the paper will go into detail on who this man is, what he specialized in, what his organization was, who hung around him and also give police officers a profile on this crimina l. Who is Frank Nitti?: Francesco Raffaele Nitto (Frank Nitti) was born on January 27, 1886 in the country of Italy. At the age of seven, frank, his mother and older sister immigrated to New York to be with their stepRead MoreRoad to Perdition Essay example1016 Words   |  5 Pagesthat Rooney will protect Connor, turns to the Capone gang, run by Frank Nitti (Stanley Tucci), in Chicago. Although Sullivan is viewed as an asset and commands much respect from his underworld cronies, Nitti is protecting Connor and hires a killer to dispatch the unrelenting elder Sullivan. The Michaels, father and son, head for a relative’s home in a town called Perdition, hotly pursued by Maguire (Jude Law), a psychotic assassin who kills his victims and then photographs them. The Sullivan’s six-weekRead MoreProhibition and the Mafia Essay740 Words   |  3 Pagesalcohol. The people who took advantage of this opportunity were known as â€Å"Bootleggers†. 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African American Annotated Bibliography free essay sample

The African American race and the events they have been involved in from 1865- resent day, have single handedly contributed to and shaped the race they are today and the issues they deal with now. There are six specific areas of history that had great impact an effect on shaping African Americans, their culture, the society, and even social status to date. These events include The Civil War, this marked the beginning of freedom for blacks or so they thought. It directly relates to and shows how blacks were given something or promised a way of life but treated completely different. It also sparked all types of injustices one being segregation and the long standing feud between southern and Northern whites. The Reconstruction Era, this time in history played hand in hand with the civil war, it ended slavery as we knew it for the time being, and deemed blacks free by law to live as regular citizens. We will write a custom essay sample on African American Annotated Bibliography or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Plessy vs. Ferguson, this court case was the ground work for cases to come where blacks were revolting against the southern whites and the laws they created to keep the race under an invisible line of slavery and inferiority. Living under Jim Crow, this time also hand in hand with the Reconstruction era, gave blacks a false sense of hope after being released from slavery. The Harlem Renaissance was the time that blacks began to flourish and realize their true greatness and self-worth after being told for so long that they were inferior. And finally, The Great Depression, this time while hard on all Americans, played its on part of African Americans, Many blacks fled to the North in search of freedom and equality and found that even there while things were better the whole country was under duress and found no relief. Smith, john David. When Did Southern Segregation Begin? Boston: Bedford Books, 2001 African Americans Hester 2 Peoples natural assumption is that segregation began or was a natural outcome of Reconstruction. Even scholars can’t in point the exact origins of when this era began or the issue of where, why, and how this behavior became normal between black and white southerners. The focus is on racial interactions following Emancipation, the complex relationship between race and class, and how segregation practices varied from state to state. Thomas, Brook, ed. Plessy vs. Ferguson: A Brief History with Documents. Boston: Bedford books 1997 Plessy vs. Ferguson was a case in 1896. Plessy was an African American who refused to sit in the â€Å"colored† train car and instead tried to sit in the â€Å"white† carriage car. Plessy was of course arrested for violating an 1890 Louisiana Statue that provided for segregated â€Å"separate but equal† railroad rules. If you used facilities not delegated for your race you could be held legally liable by the statue of the state. Plessy was found guilty in a court to of law against Justice John H. Ferguson residing, on the grounds that the law was a reasonable exercise of the states police powers based on custom, usage and tradition in the state. Plessy ended u filing a petition for writs of prohibition in the Supreme Court of Louisiana against Ferguson. Plessy stated that segregation stigmatized blacks and stamped them with a badge of inferiority. The court found for Ferguson and the Supreme Court granted the cert. This is one of the many events that paved the way for things like the civil rights movement. It put blacks in a state of mind that made them realize they may not be what the Southern whites profess tem to be. It also paved the way for court cases like Brown vs. Board of Education African Americans Hester 3 Which not only deemed segregation unequal but also moved for the desegregation of the school systems. The Ku-Klux. (1871 Aril 1) Harpers Weekly, p. 281 retrieved from http. //education. Harweek. com/KKKHearings/Article23. htm This article spoke to the Reconstruction Era and its effects on the southern African Americans. It showed the era from the perspective of Southern whites who were free, and according to the thirteenth Amendment, legal citizens. This era not only launched movements like segregation, but also caused the whites to create â€Å"security blanket† type organizations like the KKK or Ku Klux Klan. In addition to that it sky rocketed a long standing feud between the Northern and southern States. United States Congress. (1866 April 9). Civil rights Act. Retrieved from http://www. digitalhistory. un. edu/exhibits/reconstruction/section4/section4_civrightsact1. html The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was created to protect all people in the United States regardless of race or color. There was however one line in this otherwise race saving document that would start a whole other issue. This line stated that slavery or involuntary servitude was

Multicultural Australia

Introduction The concept of multiculturalism does not have a straight forward definition because it depends on the context of its usage. Again, it is not easy to have a universally acceptable definition because there are more people putting in their contributions about this concept, therefore leading to numerous definitions of the same.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Multicultural Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, multiculturalism in the United States of America is used in both social and political contexts. It is used to show that the differences that exist among people on the basis of their cultural orientation, gender, ethnic or racial backgrounds and other diverse opinions, should not be a source of division but should be viewed as a source of strength for that particular group (Higley, Nieuwenhuysen, and Neerup, 2009). Basically, multiculturalism advocates for treatment of all people w ith respect and dignity because this is what leads to the massive growth and development of a nation. This paper shall address this concept in details using the example of Australia as well as identify how it has changed before, during and after the Howard government. The Concept of Multiculturalism In Australia, the view of this concept is not very different from that of the USA. This is because multiculturalism is viewed in both the social and political contexts and is seen as a tool that should help in the development of the country other than in its destruction. The term was in use widely in the 1990’s but its use has declined with time, with many people wondering what became of it (Cope, et al, 1991). Castles, et al, (1990) says that the term is slowly being replaced with the term ‘integration’. This term deals with the diversity that exists in the modern day society. According to Lyle (1983), this diversity comes about because of the differences in cultural and ethnic orientations, among other factors. This definition is especially true for the modern day Australia, whose policy is that it is a multicultural society and this is not going to change. To further enhance multiculturalism, the government of Australia has put forth measures to it intends to act on in response to the diversity that is present in the country as a result of multiculturalism.Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This country, that is part of the other countries in the commonwealth, has pointed out several dimensions that the policies that deal with multiculturalism should take. The first dimension is one that deals with the cultural orientation of the people. The Australian government clearly stipulates that each of its citizens have the right to express themselves culturally in the different ways that culture can and is expressed but within the limits prescrib ed by the law. Consequently, the Australians are free to express their culture through language and religious affiliation without any interference. The other tenet of multiculturalism as stipulated by the government is the social justice for all the citizens. Every person is en titled to fair treatment regardless of their class, religious background, political affiliation, gender and ethnic background, among other barriers of fair treatment. The last dimension of this concept as viewed by the government is the economic dimension. This tenet gives every Australian citizen a right to be recruited or employed anywhere in the country where they can use their skills and knowledge. This should happen regardless of the person’s sex, political, ethnic and religious background. The dimensions of multiculturalism discussed above are applied to all Australian citizens without discrimination and are articulated in the country’s documents of the National Agenda. Consequently, the p eople with Aboriginal background, the Anglo-Celtic group of citizens and those who do not speak English but are citizens of Australia receive the same treatment from the government (Bell, 2006). Limitations of Multiculturalism Even though the Australians enjoy the rights expressed in the National Agenda, there are also several limitations to these rights. First, the rights of Australians concerning multiculturalism are founded on the assumption that every Australian citizen is committed and is also working towards the realization of the common goal of the nation. They should also be committed to those things that are geared towards unifying the country. This is the first and most important factor underlying the implementation of the rights of multiculturalism (CAAIP (Committee to Advise on Australia’s Immigration Policies), 1988).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Multicultural Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The policies also call for Australians approval of the basic structures and the overarching principles governing the country. Respect for and obedience to the constitution and other laws that govern the country, showing tolerance and fair treatment to everyone regardless of the things they possess that bring about diversity and freedom to express oneself are some of the ways that the citizens can express their approval of the laws of the land. The use the national language, in the case of Australia, English, and fair treatment of people of both sexes is also a way of showing acceptance of the basic principles of the country. Finally, for one to enjoy their rights of expression of their culture they have to recognize that there are others who have a different cultural orientation and they too have the same right. This therefore, calls for tolerance and acceptance of others culture without acting in a manner that will offend the other party (Bell, 2006). In summary, thes e policies that have been formulated to address the concept of multiculturalism in Australia are designed to help in making Australia a better place for its citizens with social justice and economic efficiency as its overarching principles. Multiculturalism before the Howard Government Before the introduction of the concept of multiculturalism, Australia used another policy known as ‘assimilation’. This meant that any immigrant settling in Australia had to forsake their culture and adopt that of the natives in Australia (Elder, 2005). One of the factors that led to the change of policy from the idea of assimilation to that cultural pluralism and later multiculturalism is the World War 2 and its effects. Precisely, there was increased awareness on the devastating effects of racism learnt from the Nazi party’s actions. This made people start doubting the positivity of the White Australia Policy, which encouraged racism, and was being practiced then (Lopez, 2000). T hat was an external factor. Internally, there were several groups which advocated for an end of the policies which encouraged racism. These groups included the church and other human rights groups.Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By 1960, these groups, which were very active in speaking against the white Australia policy in the 1950’s, got support from other quarters which included the journalists and the students body from various universities, among others. Their first achievement in this campaign came when dictation test for those who wanted to migrate to Australia was dropped. The non-Europeans who wanted to migrate to Australia were also allowed to undertake the skilled migrant program. Consequently, students of Asian origin were allowed undertake their studies in Australia and also, more people who were not Europeans got a chance to live in Australia especially in the 1970’s. The church together with other groups continued being vocal on this issue of racism especially with regard to one’s language, cultural orientation and religious background. The groups emphasized that everyone had the right to live in Australia and practice their culture, religion and speak their language witho ut any barriers (Jones, 2003). More pressure was put by Jerzy Zubrzycki on the government to end this culture of assimilation and instead adopt a policy of ‘cultural pluralism’. Jerzy Zubrzycki was one of the members of the academic movements challenging some of the policies that were used by the government of Australia (Theophanous, 1995). Their breakthrough came around 1971, when the movement changed its name to ‘multicultural society’ and some of its members appointed to the advisory committees in the immigration departments. Here, they were able to implement their ideas. In 1973, the White Australia Policy was completely dropped, with the government opting to choose the immigrants on the basis of their qualifications (Birrell, 1984). The racial discrimination act was also formulated in 1975, during the tenure of Malcolm Fraser as the opposition immigration spokesman. Multiculturalism was embraced by many people and continued to be practiced throughout t he country. The concept received support from the Prime Minister, Bob Hawke, in 1980’s when he ordered for the setting up of an office where multicultural policies would be made and enacted (Australian Council on Population and Ethnic Affairs, 1982). Collins (1988) states that around the same time, the concept was fully adopted by many and there were programs that had been established to help the immigrants and also the lobby groups with financial and any other kind of assistance that they required. Establishment of multicultural radio stations was also a step to show the success of multiculturalism. Multiculturalism during the Howard Government John Howard led the Australian government between 1996 and 2007. During his tenure, he did not show a lot of support for multiculturalism, instead he even criticized it. As a result, the support this concept received from the government decreased and conversely, the idea of assimilation received massive support (Das, 2006). This howev er does not mean that the government abolished multiculturalism completely. National Multicultural Advisory Council (NMAC) was established in 1997, with support from the government even though every other policy that was formed after this did not regard the concept of multiculturalism. Instead, Australian values were emphasized. A report on multiculturalism submitted by National Multicultural Advisory Council (NMAC) in 1999 stated that although it recognized that the citizens were involved in the success of multiculturalism, there was a greater need to recognize that Great Britain and Ireland also contributed immensely towards Australia’s democracy and peaceful coexistence of people in the country. To further show his lack of support towards multiculturalism, only a single statement on multicultural policy was given out. This happened in 2003 and the statement was supposed to serve its purpose until 2006. This was a long period of silence on such a crucial matter of national importance (Greg, 2006). Another thing that showed his contempt towards multiculturalism was his reluctance use the term in official speeches that he made. Again, term which was in use in the title of the immigration department was removed and the department given another name that did not include ‘multiculturalism’. Das (2006) further says that Howard encouraged the immigrant to integrate into the native Australian society which is largely white Anglo-Saxon. Howard says that failure to do this, the national values that show patriotism and nationalism would be down trodden. This is a view that was shared by another vocal critic of multiculturalism, Blainey, According to Blainey (1984), acceptance of the concept of multiculturalism would have devastating effects on the government. This would lead to failure because of concentrating on the rights of the few immigrants at the expense of the majority of the population who are the natives. Howard’s zeal for eradicatio n of this concept saw him introduce the Australian citizenship test, which had earlier been removed because it hindered efforts geared towards multiculturalism. The national identity also ceased to be referred to as multiculturalism (Slade, and Mollering, 2010). In 2007, before he left office, Howard made remarks disregarding multiculturalism. He is quoted to have said that the Australian natives should not be made to apologize because of their identity; instead, they should be proud and push for it to remain. He explained his point further by saying that the concept of multiculturalism is different from that of multiracialism and the two should never be confused (Modood, 2007). To elaborate this, Howard said that multiracialism simply meant the acceptance of the core values upheld by the natives of a country by the immigrants who settle in that particular country. He asserted that he is comfortable with the practice of multiracialism but not multiculturalism. He said that he believ ed in this because of the positive effect that is got when people from different societies come together (Castles, and Miller, 2009). Multiculturalism after the Howard Government The debate on multiculturalism did not end with the end of John Howard’s tenure in office. This concern is fueled by the danger of terrorism attacks that is being experienced by people all over the world. There was also a concern about how best to bring about social cohesion in the country that is characterized by cultural diversity. During the Labor Government of 2007-2010, under the leadership of Kevin Rudd, the concept of multiculturalism received much support (Markus, Jupp, and McDonald, 2009). His support is signified by his decision to have the Parliamentary Secretary for Multicultural Affairs and Settlement Services and also the National Multicultural Advisory Council established. One of the mandates of the latter was to provide the government with the useful advice on ways of improving social cohesion and also eliminating racism and other vices attached to this due to diversity that existed in the country (Jupp, 2007). This move was aimed at creating an environment of tolerance to all people despite their differences. Diversity was supposed to be treated as strength for the country and not a weakness. This committee gave some recommendations to the government which included: making sure that every citizen had access to essential services rendered by the government to its citizens. Again, the government was supposed to address the issue of discrimination together with other vices such as prejudice with a lot of seriousness. The government was also advised to create opportunities where the people of Australia would put in their contribution in projects that are beneficial to the community as a whole. The overriding advice was that the government needed to do all it could to ensure justice was upheld in all its institutions and the people in Australia lived in a community that had social cohesion without some people feeling left out. These recommendations were received positively by Chris Evans, who was the minister of immigration then. The Gillard government, which came into power in 2010, has not been an ardent supporter of multiculturalism and this led to the government removing the term from the title of the immigration department of the country. This has attracted a lot of criticism from many people including the Federation of Ethnic Communities Councils. Currently, every Australian state has established laws which govern the people on multiculturalism. The modes of operation of the bodies that enact these laws are different because each one has its own laws and mandates. For example, the policy dealing with multiculturalism in New South Wales is enacted by the Community Relations Commission for a multicultural NSW while that doing the same in Victoria is called the Victorian Multicultural Commission (VMC). Conclusion The issue of multiculturali sm remains to a contentious one in Australia. One of the ways which has helped in promoting understanding of this concept among the people is dialogue with the people. However, it is still not clear how multiculturalism can be used to bring about a positive impact in a community with a lot of diversity. This becomes more difficult because of the government’s leaders holding varying opinion during their tenure in office and being replaced with leaders of a different opinion after an election Reference List Australian Council on Population and Ethnic Affairs., 1982. Multiculturalism for all  Australians—our developing nationhood. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service:. Bell, J., 2006. Australia: state of fear. The Age, Opinion, 27 January, 2006, p. 15 Birrell, R., 1984. Australia’s Immigration Policy: Changes and Implications. Sydney Fontana. Blainey, G., 1984. All for Australia. North Ryde, NSW: Methuen Haynes. Castles, S., and Miller, M., 2009. Th e age of Migration: International Population  Movements in the Modern World. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Castles, S., et al., 1990. Mistaken Identity, Multiculturalism and the Demise of  Nationalism in Australia. Sydney: Pluto Press. CAAIP (Committee to Advise on Australia’s Immigration Policies)., 1988. Immigration: a  committee to Australia. Canberra: AGPS. Collins, J., 1988. Migrants Hand in a Distant Land. Sydney: Pluto Press. Cope, B., et al., 1991. Immigration, Ethnic Conflicts and Social Cohesion. Melbourne: Bureau of Immigration Research. Das, S., 2006. Howard’s way: multiculturalism is out, assimilation is in. The Age,  Opinion, 27 January, p. 15. Elder, C., 2005. Immigration history in M Lyons P Russell (eds), Australia’s history:  themes and debates. New South Wales: University of New South Wales Press. pp. 98–115. Greg, C., 2006. The Conspiracies of Multiculturalism. The Betrayal that Divided  Australia. New South Wales: Sunda Pub lications. Higley, J., Nieuwenhuysen, J., and Neerup, S., 2009. Nations of Immigrants: Australia  and the USA compared. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. Jones, G. W., 2003. White Australia, national identity and population change in L  Jayasuriya, D Walker J Gothard (eds). Legacies of white Australia: race, culture and nation. Perth: University of Western Australia Press. pp. 110–28 Jupp, J., 2007. From White to Woomera. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Lopez, M., 2000. The Origins of Multiculturalism in Australia Politics 1945-1975. Carlton South: Melbourne University Press. Lyle, A., 1983. A Selective Annotated Bibliography of Multiculturalism in Social  Alternatives. Queensland: University of Queensland. Markus, A., Jupp, J., and McDonald, C., 2009. Australia’s Immigration Revolution.  Crows Nest: Allen Unwin. Modood, T., 2007. Multiculturalism-a civic idea. Cambridge: Polity Press. Slade, C., and Mollering, M., 2010. From Migrant to Citizen: tes ting language, testing  culture. London: Macmillan. Theophanous, A. C., 1995. Understanding Multiculturalism and Australian Identity. Carlton South: Elikia Books. This essay on Multicultural Australia was written and submitted by user JuleCarpenter to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Stress And Cardiovascular Disorders

, something that may be stressful for one person may be pleasurable for the next. A roller-coaster is a great example of this. On a coaster there are the people that close their eyes, clench the safety bar for dear life and can‘t wait to get off. Contrastingly, at the front of the coaster there are the thrill seekers that stay wide eyed for the entire time and relish in every steep plunge. And then there are those that are bored with the ride, maybe because they have been on the same ride many times before. In terms of emotional resources, some people are not as equipped as others to deal with the roller coaster of life with its ups and downs and unexpected twists and turns. Besides roller-coa... Free Essays on Stress And Cardiovascular Disorders Free Essays on Stress And Cardiovascular Disorders Stress is an adaptive response to the physical and psychological forces and pressures that challenge an organism (Selye, 1978). Hans Selye was a Canadian researcher who coined the term â€Å"stress† in order to describe a series of responses that were observed in laboratory animals that were subjected to severely disturbing physical and emotional threats. He observed and recorded the animals’ responses and discovered that some of the animals experienced ulcers, heart attacks, hypertension, arthritis, kidney damage, and other diseases. Selye’s experiment demonstrates how unrelenting physical and psychological stress can kill an organism (Rosch, 2002). These findings are applicable to the human condition where protracted levels of stress from a variety of life events eventuate in serious physical pathology. Specifically, this paper will explore the link between stress and cardiovascular disease. The first segment of this paper will describe some common causes of stress and examples of how different individuals cope with it. Next, the issue of stress and it’s indirect influence on cardiovascular disorders and other diseases will be addressed. Stress is experienced at multiple levels by different individuals. In other words, something that may be stressful for one person may be pleasurable for the next. A roller-coaster is a great example of this. On a coaster there are the people that close their eyes, clench the safety bar for dear life and can‘t wait to get off. Contrastingly, at the front of the coaster there are the thrill seekers that stay wide eyed for the entire time and relish in every steep plunge. And then there are those that are bored with the ride, maybe because they have been on the same ride many times before. In terms of emotional resources, some people are not as equipped as others to deal with the roller coaster of life with its ups and downs and unexpected twists and turns. Besides roller-coa...

INDUSRIAL RADIOGRAPHY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

INDUSRIAL RADIOGRAPHY - Research Paper Example Non destructive testing is a special technique for observing products or materials for any internal defect. Since X Rays and Gamma rays have huge capability to penetrate into the material with a non destructive effect therefore the above two radiations are used for the reason of non destructive testing. The inception of industrial radiography is tracked back to 1895 when X-rays were discovered from a discharge tube by the collision of cathode rays on anti-cathode material. This was the first hallmark when type of electromagnetic radiations was discovered, then after the phenomenon of radioactivity was too comprehended. Then both X-rays (by product of action of cathode rays on anticathode material) and Gamma rays (exhibited from radio active material) are used for industrial applications. In the early stages radium was used for gamma rays in industries however with the discovery of new isotopes of Cs (Cesium-137) and Co (Cobalt-60), the usage of radium was decreased and replaced with new discovered isotopes. However industrial radiography should not be confused with nuclear physics (i.e. bombarding radiations to split an atom into daughter components). Industrial Radiography specifically deals with the analysis on industrial products and materials. 1. Important Applications Of Industrial Radiography Industrial radiography is used for different testing purposes in industries. The applications vary from analyzing defects in products, analyzing the strength of materials after a post assembly operation, air port security, cargo scanning etc. Usually welds on pressurized pipes, vessels, structures and containers are tested on vast scale in industries through industrial radiography. Moreover metal surfaces, machined parts and metal walls are usually tested from radiography. In addition to the above usages ceramics that are utilized in aerospace and aviation industries are tested on regular basis through industrial radiography. Through industrial Radiography anything c an be graphed easily whether it’s a solid flat, curved or any other formed material. For pipes’ weld testing, a radiographer placed the radiographic emitting source inside the pipe while on outer side of the pipe the weld area is covered with a film so that radiographic patterns can be recorded. The penetrated radiations will pass through the weld and it will identify about any defect that might be left in the weld through the traces left on film. However it should be highly considered that the direction of the beam must be normal to that of the surface that is targeted for radiography. The use of industrial radiography is growing; all non-intrusive products in Cargo are also checked by a special X-ray machine. Further studies are in progress to devise any new advancement such as dual energy X-ray radiography in order to optimize this technology in more productive manner. 2. Medical Radiography Medical radiography is a medical diagnosis tool that uses the radiographic radiation to radiograph the patient’s physical and internal skeleton structure. Medical radiography uses both ionizing radiation and non ionizing radiation. There are few hazards that are associated with ionizing radiation to the human body. There are different ways of reducing these dangerous hazards. The level of exposure of these radiations is actually the main concern; level of exposure can be kept down by decreasing time in radiographic exposure to human

Modern pricing models Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Modern pricing models - Essay Example A geometric Brownian motion (GBM), or an exponential Brownian motion, refers to a stochastic process that runs continuously over time in which case the logarithm of the randomly varying quantity follows a Wiener process, or the Brownian motion with a drift. According to Vose (2008), the Brownian motion is a significant example of the stochastic processes that satisfy a stochastic differential equation (SDE). Most applications of Brownian motion incorporate, in particular, mathematical finance, especially in consideration of the model stock prices, such as is the case with Black-Scholes model. As such, the geometric Brownian motion is a core building block of modern finance. This is particularly in the case of the Black Scholes model whereby the underlying stock price is assumedly in line with the principles and expectations of the GBM dynamics (Vose 2008, p.37). When an investor wants to make an investment in the binary options, the most important element that he or she should account for is the fluctuation in the price that a particular commodity or good is likely to experience over a specific period of the trading process. As such, once an investor is able to track the volatility of the price changes with some degree of accuracy, they get to a better elevated position to determine the right the price of an option at the point when it expires, thereby increasing significantly his or her chances of being in the money at the right time. Therefore, such an investor will be in a better position to collect the highest level of return on his or her investment (Vose 2008, p.115). According to Benth (2004), it is quite fortunate that top economists conducted a great deal of research in the field of Wiener motion, such as Fischer Black and Myron Scholes who came up with the infamous Black-Scholes formula instrumental in predicting the market volatility of a stock. The geometric Brownian motion forms an important element of this formula, and

The Issue of Junk Food Essay Example for Free

The Issue of Junk Food Essay To a great degree, the over consumption of junk food has become the root cause of an untold number of problems that have manifested in the public. In a way, it is because of the public’s seeming addiction to junk food that aid weight and health related problems that these problems are as common as they are today. In order to understand when junk food becomes dangerous, one needs to look at what exactly junk food is and how to eliminate it from a person’s diet. see more:short speech on junk food   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Junk is essentially food that is processed and loaded with fat and sugar. An example of processing includes the bleaching of brown flower to white flour and, accordingly, the replacement of natural sugars with refined white sugar. The main purpose for this process is not to better the food, but to keep the food on the shelf longer without the food spoiling. In other words, the profit motive is what directs companies to release such manufactured food to the public.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When food is removed from its natural state and processed for a longer shelf life, many of the nutrients that such food is intended to deliver is eliminated. Furthermore, the food’s additives drive the calorie count of the food way up. So, before eating a steady diet of junk food that is high in sugar and fats, one needs to realize that it will surely lead to obesity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   So, it is best for the public to avoid these types of food for the betterment of the public’s health. The public, however, is usually attracted to the refined taste (and excessive marketing campaigns) of junk food so they react accordingly and purchase junk food products. It also helps the junk food industry that natural products are usually much higher in price and harder to find at convenience stores. While no one wants to play follow the obese leader, most people are unfamiliar with healthy habits because they have never been exposed to such habits before. So what should people do to avoid the problem of junk food addiction? First, the public must recognize the fact that junk food is real bad for diet and health and to adopt a zero tolerance policy towards junk food. If purchasing higher quality food is what is required, then the person make special preparations in order â€Å"stockpile† quality food in the ‘fridge after a shopping trip rather than purchase from low grade fast food shops while on the run.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order for junk food to lose its hold on the United States’ public, the public must reject eating junk food as a regular staple of diet. This would require a great change on the part of the public’s perception of junk food and that is a daunting task.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To a great degree, it would be helpful if the government cracked down on the very irresponsible behavior that large food companies have been responsible for. However, our society is one that seems to be very adverse to regulation and this is why there has been little leeway in making large food corporations pay for the damage they have inflicted. Of course, there have been court challenges that were lost because the existed the belief that people had developed obesity and health problems because they lacked a certain level of personal responsibility.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Regardless of where one sits on the issue of junk food diets, virtually no one can deny that it is a person’s individual responsibility to eat properly and avoid food that is terrible for the body. Yes, there are huge advertising campaigns designed to present people with all the benefits of junk food. However, it is unfair to say that such media campaigns are pure brainwashing. In order to do that, one would have to assume that the public is fairly unintelligent to fall for it. Unintelligent? No. Undisciplined? Yes.

Frederick Douglas Essay -- Frederick Douglas report

Paper on Frederick Douglass In the 1800's, slavery was a predominant issue in the United States, one that most Americans in the South dealt with daily. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass reveals much about American history during the time of slavery as well as expounds arguments for the abolition of slavery. As a historical document, it conveys information about the slave family, work, the master-slave relationship, and the treatment and living conditions of slaves. As an antislavery tract, it argues against commonly held beliefs about slavery's benefits and its morality, making strong points for getting rid of slavery. In The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Douglass reveals, through the story he tells "the core of the meaning of slavery, both for individuals and for the nation."(2) Slave families were often torn apart by the master separating them. Douglass states that often mothers were taken away before the baby reached one year old. He believes this was probably done to break the bond of affection between the mother and the child. In Douglass' own case, he only remembered seeing his mother four or five times, during the night, when she had to walk twelve miles each time just to be able to see her own son for a little while. When she died, Douglass wasn't allowed to go to her burial. He was just told she was dead afterwards. Douglass didn't feel much hearing the news because he barely knew her. Douglass also wrote of how members of the slave family were always at risk of being separated. They could be sold at the master's whim, or when the master died, the slaves would be gathered with the rest of the property to be sold to different masters. Frederick Douglass tells how after his master died, th... ...ample, when he tells how people who could be chosen to work on the Great House Farm would sing songs filled with great anguish. When he heard these songs, he got his "first glimmering conception of the dehumanization character of slavery."(51) The second main idea was how knowledge equals power. His growing understanding about how education would be "the path from slavery to freedom."(64) He tells how the more his master, Mr. Auld, argued his education, the more clearly he knew its supreme importance. His third main point was that freedom is essential for every human being. He showed all of his renders a glimpse of this when he "imagines himself on one of [the ships] ‘gallant decks,' speaks to us and the ships alternating voices of anguish and triumph, pouring out his ‘soul's complaint,' and converting it into an unforgettable image of the meaning of freedom."(23)

Benihana Case Study

Marketing Management Class Notes 1/16/13 Markets: * Consumer market—B2C * Business market—B2B * Global market (? ) * Not-for-profit market—must have higher revenues than cost to survive * ex: health-care: hospitals need 7% more revenues than expenses to survive * Government market Core Concepts: * needs, wants, and demands * segmentation, target markets, positioning * offerings and brands value and satisfaction * relationship marketing * marketing channels * supply chain * competition * marketing environment Marketing mix—4 Ps * Product—good, service, idea, experience, place, person, etc. * Price—above, at, or below market * Place—retail location, channel of distribution * Promotion—advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, PR/publicity Shifts in marketing management: in past: marketing does marketing; now: everyone does marketing * organized by product units; now: organizing by customer segments * using many suppliers; no w: using fewer suppliers who are partners * ex: Wal-Mart and Procter & Gamble pampers—no longer places orders for pampers; now P&G brand manager manages Wal-Mart shelf of pampers * emphasizing tangible assets; now emphasizing intangible assets * building brands through advertising; now building brand through performance and integrated communication * good experience=tell 5 other people; ad experience=tell 9 other people * now even more permanent with online ratings * shotgun (dispersed) v. rifle (accurate) * avoid shotgun (avoid developing product/service that would appeal to everybody) * relying on old markets; now uncovering new markets * focusing on profitable transactions; now customer lifetime value * major goals of increasing revenue and market share v. now: must be responsible for return on marketing investment (ROMI) * local; now glocal (local and global) * focus on shareholders; now focus on stakeholders What do marketers do? develop marketing strategies and plans * generate/collect marketing info (research) * connect w/ customers * develop market offerings * build brands * delivery and communicate value * create long-term growth * ex: ivory 1879 and still going New Marketing capabilities: * use of internet for info and sales * easily gather info about: * customers, prospects, markets, competitors * social media * facilitate and speed communication w/ customers * personal marketing (thru email) * mobile marketing for customers on the go * mass customization * bit of an oxi-moron * ex: Levi’s jeans made to size measurements use internet internally and for other than marketing Evolution of the Marketing Concept * Production Concept—production efficiency, low costs, mass dist. ; consumers want the most quality, performance, or innovative features (more, better, faster) * Stool made in cottage industry—individuals made them at home w/ tools on handindustrial revolution—factories, standards, conformity, production concept emerged * Selling Concept—consumers will buy only if the company aggressively promotes/sells these products * Too many stools produced and no one is buying themhow to sell them? must aggressively sell and advertise * Marketing Concept—focuses on needs/wants of target markets and delivering value better than competitors * Quit making stools that people don’t need or want; * must determine how many stools the customer wants first before making them * The Marketing Concept’s—Three Pillars: * Customer orientation * Integrated marketing effort** * Table 1. 1 on p. 23 * integrated w/ other departments b/c marketing interacts w/ customers * Emphasis on profitable sales (not all sales are worth pursuing) * Pillsbury Ex: 1. We make flour†¦how do we make the flour faster and better * 2. We sell flour†¦hired sales people and started advertising * 3. What do customers want that has flour in it—expanded product lines †¦Burger King— hamburger buns, pie shops, refrigerated dough products Ch. 2: Developing Marketing Strategies and Plans * Value—the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service compared to its costs * Determinant of Cust0mer Values: * Customer perceived value * total customer value * Image value * Personal value * services value * product value vs. total customer cost * Monetary cost * time cost * energy cost * psychic cost * in mind—instantly assessing value and weighing it against cost Creating value: * satisfy needs * more than one org * functions of marketing creates value Generic value chain—link in chain consists of: * Primary activities: inbound logistics, operations, out-bound logistics, marketing and sales, service * support activities: firm infrastructure, HR management, technology development, procurement (purchasing) * margin-includes profitability Ex: Levi Jeans Value-Delivery Network: Dupont fibersMilliken fabricsLevi’s apparelSears reta ilcustomer * each is a link in the value chain When value is not provided: * lost sale * lost customer—CLV (accounting for the number of years person would have been a customer) Competitive Advantage—something a co. has that no other co. has * achieved through: * 1. core competencies—source of comp. advantage, application in wide variety of markets, and difficult for competitors to imitate * 2. distinctive capabilities—excellence in broad business practices * involve multiple levels of people ex: ability to innovate, ability to understand your customer, understanding the market Marketing goal=competitive advantage * must be something significant to customers * important in a variety of markets * difficult to imitate Strategic planning: * Corp. Mission * â€Å"Marketing Myopia†Ã¢â‚¬â€see close but don’t see far away; * Railroads thought they were in the railroad business, had they realized they were in the transportation business they could have expanded line to auto or plane * What business are we in? * growth opportunities * growth matrix * SBU—Strategic Business Unit * Resources—S/W Assessment—O/T * goalsstrategies to achieve goalstactical plans to achieve strategies Good Mission Statement * ex’s in the book: Table 2. 5 * identify: * target customers and markets * principle services delivered * org. philosophy * desired self/public image * Mission statement—what the co. does; Vision statement—hope for future Goals and Objectives: * goals—umbrella; hierarchical (at different levels) * provide broad direction * objectives—SMART * Specific * Measurable * Actionable * Realistic * Time bound—for marketing plan, usually a year * for new product, maybe 6 months Porter’s Generic Strategies: * 1.Overall cost leadership—low cost provider; can make stuff at the lowest cost (will have higher margins and more choices) * 2. Differentiation—develop competitive advantages that are diff. from competition * Focus—segment; * niche market focus that has either overall cost leadership or differentiations Ansoff’s Product/Market Expansion Grid: | Existing products| New products| Existing markets| Market Penetration * advertising, lowering price, increasing sales personnel, * take existing pie of market share and try to get bigger piece of the pie | Product development| New markets| Market development * ex: co. hat made lawnmowers B2B (golf courses) decided they could sell those lawnmowers to consumers | Diversification | Boston Consulting Group’s Growth Share Matrix | Relatively high market share| Relatively low market share| High market growth rate| Stars| Question marks (aka problem children—don’t know how they are going to turn out)| Low market growth rate| Cash cows—products you’ve had for a relatively long time but they have slow growth Ex: Coke for Coca-Cola| Dogs| Implementatio n—plansEvaluation and Control: * Set objectives (to be measured) * measure performance against objectives * understand deviations—why didn’t you achieve what you set out to achieve * set new objectives Marketing Plan Parts: * Exec. Summary * Table of Contents * Situational Analysis: External Analysis * Situational Analysis: internal analysis * SWOT critical success factors * Goals/objectives * Strategy—4 Ps * Action programs * Financial implications * Controls Case Analysis—slides being sent via email

Global Atmospheric Circulation and Related Effects

Solar radiation warms the air over the equator, causing it to rise. The rising air then proceeds south and north toward the poles. From approximately 20Â ° to 30Â ° North and South latitude, the air sinks. Then, the air flows along the surface of the earth back toward the equator. Doldrums Sailors noticed the stillness of the rising (and not blowing) air near the equator and gave the region the depressing name doldrums. The doldrums, usually located between 5Â ° north and 5Â ° south of the equator, are also known as the Intertropical Convergence Zone or ITCZ for short. The trade winds converge in the region of the ITCZ, producing convectional storms that produce some of the worlds heaviest precipitation regions. The ITCZ moves north and south of the equator depending on the season and solar energy received. The location of the ITCZ can vary as much as 40Â ° to 45Â ° of latitude north or south of the equator based on the pattern of land and ocean. The Intertropical Convergence Zone is also known as the Equatorial Convergence Zone or Intertropical Front. Horse Latitudes Between about 30Â ° to 35Â ° north and 30Â ° to 35Â ° south of the equator lies the region known as the horse latitudes or the subtropical high. This region of subsiding dry air and high pressure results in weak winds. Tradition states that sailors gave the region of the subtropical high the name horse latitudes because ships relying on wind power stalled; fearful of running out of food and water, sailors threw their horses and cattle overboard to save on provisions. (Its a puzzle why sailors would not have eaten the animals instead of throwing them overboard.) The Oxford English Dictionary claims the origin of the term uncertain. Major deserts of the world, such as the Sahara and the Great Australian Desert, lie under the high pressure of the horse latitudes. The region is also known as the Calms of Cancer in the northern hemisphere and the Calms of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. Trade Winds Blowing from the subtropical highs or horse latitudes toward the low pressure of the ITCZ are the trade winds. Named from their ability to quickly propel trading ships across the ocean, the trade winds between about 30Â ° latitude and the equator are steady and blow about 11 to 13 miles per hour. In the Northern Hemisphere, the trade winds blow from the northeast and are known as the Northeast Trade Winds; in the Southern Hemisphere, the winds blow from the southeast and are called the Southeast Trade Winds.